The Postdoctoral Fellowships (PFs) aim to support researchers’ career development and promote excellence in research through international mobility, advanced training, and skills acquisition. PFs target researchers who already hold a PhD and wish to enhance their scientific profile by working in a new country, discipline, or sector, including non-academic environments. There are two types of Postdoctoral Fellowships. European Postdoctoral Fellowships support mobility within Europe or from outside Europe to an EU Member State or Horizon Europe Associated Country for 1–2 years and are open to researchers of any nationality. Global Postdoctoral Fellowships support research outside Europe for 2–3 years, with an outgoing phase (1–2 years in a non-associated third country) followed by a mandatory 1-year return phase to Europe. These are open only to EU or associated-country nationals or long-term residents. Both types may include short-term secondments worldwide, and optional non-academic placements of up to 6 months at the end of the fellowship. Applicants must hold a PhD, have no more than eight years of research experience (with extensions for career breaks), and comply with mobility rules. Funding covers salary allowances, mobility and family support, as well as research, training, networking, and indirect costs. Applications are submitted jointly with a host organisation through competitive calls.